Book - On Hope by Joseph Pieper

 Introduction

As the contemporary global geopolitical reconfiguration advance faithfully towards its most dangerous phase, decades-long patterns unravel to clash with history bringing both uncertainties and certainties of unanticipated/anticipated realisations. Naturally in some places, optimism explode as an industry. Sadly optimism has little to do with hope. To suggest that the most learned and most advanced weren’t taught hope is not unfounded. On Hope is a timely book that fully captures the notion, meaning, context and operation of hope grounded on a solid human foundation and enhancement in Christian virtue. What it lacks in volume, it compensates in substance which the author did sufficient justice. A summary is presented below.

Summary

From the start it is important to state that hope is active, a method, a praxis and practical. It is intrinsically given to movement, coherent in process and alive in doing. Hope as a notion and meaning is precisely located in Spirituality through one of dimension of its orientation, which is goodness.

Pieper asserts that as a notion hope is an indispensable equipment for lived experience where life is considered as a pilgrimage. It provides the quality that enables one or groups to capture their creatureliness as embodied spirits in history. A pilgrim transit between dual points in existence (life and death), ontology (non-being and being) and experience (nothing and something/goodness). Hope is always seeking fulfilment which locks one in anticipation for discrete daily good that finally accumulate at the end.

Therefore to live implicates the present with the future in a complex process based on anticipation of good in an uncontrolled timeframe. The goal of a pilgrim is goodness or happiness. On the other hand hope’s orientation to goodness is the spring for empowering the will to continue appropriating good despite the cost while simultaneously extending it to others in anticipation. 

So the pilgrim exists and lives in hope seeking happiness and goodness until the end comes in death. However hope is unlimited by death since the spirit is not constrained by time. Cessation of physical existence only shows that the spirit is above time because there is meaning to life beyond time.

As Christian virtue, hope assumes an elevated character of entrenched disposition or habit for realising the ultimate meaning of humankind. It becomes a virtue because it is theological in the sense that it is beyond humankind’s ability or capability to fulfil goodness and happiness. Therefore hope is supernatural, a constituent and an outflow of God.

Moreover this theological character is inclusive through analogous reflections of other religions including indigenous principles and doctrines. Therefore “when we say, then, that hope is a virtue only when it is a theological virtue, we mean that hope is a steadfast turning toward the true fulfilment of man’s nature, that is, toward good, only when it has its source in the reality of grace in man and is directed toward supernatural happiness in God.”[1]

The pre-conditions of Christian hope are magnanimity and humility. Magnanimity reflects confidence to pursue the highest possibilities in history courageously. In contrast, humility concentrate on boldly appreciating the unquantifiable distance between humankind and God, the unequal/uneven gap between creature and Creator positively as it were. Christian humility reached its nucleus in Christ’s self-emptying (kenosis). Hope with faith and love constitute the core of supernatural life in a Christian as dispositions or accepted habits aided by grace.[2] Humility is not being soft, quiet and passive.

Therefore supernatural life of a Christian is thus captured in a theological circle, as “thus the theological virtues flow back upon themselves in a sacred circle: one who is led to love by hope has thereafter a more perfect hope, just as he also believes now more strongly than before.”[3] Critically, prayer flows from and proclaims hope. All prayer are acts nourished by anticipation.

Lastly there are obstacles to hope resulting to hopelessness. The first is the conscious and deliberate willing that anticipates non-fulfilment of goodness and happiness. This is despair, when all hope is denied, lost or given up on the path of pilgrimage. History and reality are deleted. Think of suicides.

The second is the conscious and deliberate willing to manipulate anticipation towards fulfilment of goodness and happiness. This is presumption where pilgrimage is compromised by accelerated anticipation contrary to the spirit. This is the fast-forwarding of fulfilment through creating false hope. Think of governments’ promises irrespective of time, systems and types. The contemporary global geopolitical reconfiguration is grounded in a crucible of false hopes where parties commit everything to retain declining hubris, prestige and power.

This is an important text and is highly recommended. It is slightly technical which compels the reader to read the text with fidelity, respect and patience.

Life is beautiful!


[1] Joseph Pieper, On Hope (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1986), 14.

[2] Ibid, 16.

[3] Ibid., 17.

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